Microbiology

Glossary

study guides for every class

that actually explain what's on your next test

Cholera toxin

from class:

Microbiology

Definition

Cholera toxin is a protein complex secreted by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. It disrupts ion transport in the intestines, leading to severe diarrhea.

congrats on reading the definition of cholera toxin. now let's actually learn it.

ok, let's learn stuff

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. Cholera toxin consists of an A subunit and five B subunits.
  2. The B subunits bind to GM1 gangliosides on the surface of intestinal epithelial cells.
  3. The A subunit enters the cell and activates adenylate cyclase, increasing cAMP levels.
  4. Elevated cAMP causes chloride ions to be secreted into the intestinal lumen, followed by water, causing diarrhea.
  5. Treatment involves rehydration therapy and antibiotics in severe cases.

Review Questions

  • What are the structural components of cholera toxin?
  • How does cholera toxin increase cAMP levels inside intestinal cells?
  • What is the primary effect of cholera toxin on the gastrointestinal tract?

"Cholera toxin" also found in:

© 2024 Fiveable Inc. All rights reserved.
AP® and SAT® are trademarks registered by the College Board, which is not affiliated with, and does not endorse this website.
Back
Glossary
Guides
Next