Chemotroph

Definition

Chemotrophs are organisms that obtain energy by the oxidation of electron donors in their environments. These can be organic or inorganic molecules.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Chemotrophs can be further classified into chemoautotrophs and chemoheterotrophs based on their carbon source.
2. Chemoautotrophs use inorganic compounds as electron donors, while chemoheterotrophs use organic compounds.
3. They play a crucial role in nutrient cycling, such as nitrogen fixation and sulfur oxidation.
4. Chemotrophs are often found in extreme environments like deep-sea vents, where sunlight is not available for photosynthesis.
5. Enzymes involved in chemolithotrophy, a type of chemotrophy, include hydrogenase and sulfur oxidase.

Review Questions

• What is the primary energy source for chemotrophs?
• How do chemoautotrophs differ from chemoheterotrophs?
• Name two environments where chemotrophs are commonly found.

Related terms

Phototroph: Organisms that obtain energy from light.

Chemoautotroph: A type of chemotroph that uses inorganic compounds as both an energy source and a carbon source.

Chemoheterotroph: A type of chemotroph that uses organic compounds as both an energy source and a carbon source.