The cell envelope is a multi-layered structure that surrounds the cell membrane of prokaryotic cells, providing structural support and protection. It typically includes the cell wall, cell membrane, and sometimes an outer membrane.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
In Gram-positive bacteria, the cell envelope consists of a thick peptidoglycan layer and the cytoplasmic membrane.
Gram-negative bacteria have an additional outer membrane composed of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) along with a thinner peptidoglycan layer.
The periplasmic space in Gram-negative bacteria lies between the inner cytoplasmic membrane and the outer membrane.
Teichoic acids are found in the peptidoglycan layer of Gram-positive bacteria but are absent in Gram-negative bacteria.
The cell envelope plays crucial roles in maintaining cell shape, protecting against environmental stress, and mediating interactions with the environment.