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Bacterial endocarditis

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Microbiology

Definition

Bacterial endocarditis is an infection of the inner lining of the heart, typically involving the heart valves. It occurs when bacteria from another part of the body enter the bloodstream and attach to damaged areas of the heart.

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5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. Bacterial endocarditis can be a complication of urinary tract infections if bacteria spread through the bloodstream.
  2. Common causative agents include Streptococcus and Staphylococcus species.
  3. Symptoms may include fever, heart murmurs, petechiae, and fatigue.
  4. Risk factors include pre-existing heart conditions, intravenous drug use, and invasive medical procedures.
  5. Diagnosis often involves blood cultures and echocardiography to detect vegetations on heart valves.

Review Questions

  • What are common symptoms associated with bacterial endocarditis?
  • Which bacterial species are most commonly implicated in bacterial endocarditis?
  • How is bacterial endocarditis diagnosed?

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