B lymphocyte

Definition

B lymphocytes, or B cells, are a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in the adaptive immune system by producing antibodies to neutralize pathogens. They originate from bone marrow and are involved in the humoral immune response.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. B lymphocytes differentiate into plasma cells that produce antibodies specific to antigens.
2. They can also become memory B cells, which provide long-term immunity by remembering past infections.
3. B cells express B-cell receptors (BCRs) on their surface that bind specific antigens.
4. Activation of B lymphocytes often requires help from T-helper cells through cytokine signaling.
5. B lymphocytes play a significant role in combating viral infections by targeting and neutralizing viruses circulating in the bloodstream.

Review Questions

• What is the primary function of B lymphocytes in the immune system?
• How do B lymphocytes contribute to long-term immunity?
• What role do T-helper cells play in the activation of B lymphocytes?

Related terms

T-Helper Cells: A type of T cell that assists other white blood cells in immunologic processes, including activating B cells.

Antibodies: Proteins produced by plasma cells derived from B lymphocytes that specifically target and neutralize antigens.

Humoral Immunity: An aspect of adaptive immunity where B cells produce antibodies circulating in body fluids to fight extracellular pathogens.