Arthritis

Definition

Arthritis is an inflammatory condition affecting the joints, characterized by pain and stiffness. It can be associated with immune system dysfunction, particularly in autoimmune forms.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder where the immune system mistakenly attacks joint tissues.
2. Cytokines such as TNF-alpha and IL-1 play crucial roles in the inflammation seen in RA.
3. Autoantibodies like rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) are often present in RA patients.
4. Certain infections can trigger reactive arthritis, a form of arthritis linked to immune response against pathogens.
5. The synovial membrane becomes inflamed in RA, leading to pannus formation which damages cartilage and bone.

Review Questions

• What roles do cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-1 play in rheumatoid arthritis?
• Name two autoantibodies commonly found in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
• How can certain infections lead to reactive arthritis?

Related terms

Autoimmunity: A condition where the immune system attacks the body's own cells.

Cytokines: Small proteins released by cells that have a specific effect on interactions and communications between cells.

Synovial Membrane: A specialized connective tissue that lines the inner surface of capsules of synovial joints.