Amoxicillin

Definition

Amoxicillin is a broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis, leading to cell lysis and death. It is commonly used to treat various bacterial infections of the respiratory and digestive systems.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Amoxicillin is effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
2. It belongs to the penicillin class of antibiotics and has a similar mechanism of action as penicillin but with a broader spectrum.
3. Amoxicillin is often used in combination with clavulanic acid to overcome resistance mediated by beta-lactamase-producing bacteria.
4. Common side effects include gastrointestinal issues such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
5. It is frequently prescribed for conditions like strep throat, pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and dental abscesses.

Review Questions

• What type of bacteria does amoxicillin target?
• How does amoxicillin work at the cellular level?
• Why might amoxicillin be combined with clavulanic acid in certain treatments?

Related terms

Penicillin:

A group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi, effective against many Gram-positive bacterial infections.

Beta-Lactamase: An enzyme produced by certain bacteria that provides resistance against beta-lactam antibiotics like penicillin.

Clavulanic Acid: A beta-lactamase inhibitor often combined with amoxicillin to enhance its effectiveness against resistant bacteria.