Acute-phase proteins

Definition

Acute-phase proteins are a group of proteins whose plasma concentrations increase or decrease in response to inflammation. They play a key role in the body's innate immune response to infections and tissue injury.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Acute-phase proteins are primarily produced by the liver in response to cytokines like IL-6 and TNF-alpha.
2. C-reactive protein (CRP) is one of the most commonly measured acute-phase proteins and serves as a marker for inflammation.
3. Serum amyloid A (SAA) and fibrinogen are examples of other acute-phase proteins involved in immune responses.
4. These proteins can either promote or reduce inflammation, depending on their specific function within the immune system.
5. Elevated levels of acute-phase proteins can indicate chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or autoimmune disorders.

Review Questions

• What triggers the production of acute-phase proteins in the body?
• Name two commonly measured acute-phase proteins used as biomarkers for inflammation.
• How do acute-phase proteins contribute to the body's immune response?

Related terms

Cytokines:

Signaling molecules that mediate and regulate immunity, inflammation, and hematopoiesis.

Inflammation:

A protective response involving immune cells, blood vessels, and molecular mediators to eliminate harmful stimuli.

Autoimmune Disorders:

Diseases where the body's immune system attacks its own tissues.