The Defence of Poesy

Definition

The Defence of Poesy is an influential essay written by Sir Philip Sidney in 1579 that defends poetry and its role in society. Sidney argues that poetry has the power to teach, delight, and inspire, serving as a bridge between knowledge and moral understanding. This work is significant in highlighting the value of creative expression and the impact literature can have on humanity.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Sidney’s Defence argues that poetry is superior to history because it can convey universal truths and moral lessons through imaginative storytelling.
2. He emphasizes that poetry stimulates emotions and inspires readers to aspire to virtue, thus playing a crucial role in shaping moral character.
3. The essay critiques contemporary poets who produce work lacking depth and substance, calling for a return to higher standards of poetic excellence.
4. Sidney employs various literary devices throughout his essay, including examples from classical poets and his own reflections on the nature of art.
5. The Defence of Poesy laid the groundwork for future literary criticism by establishing key principles regarding the value and function of poetry in society.

Review Questions

• How does Sidney argue for the superiority of poetry over other forms of literature in The Defence of Poesy?
  • In The Defence of Poesy, Sidney claims that poetry is superior to history because it transcends mere factual recounting by providing moral insights and universal truths. He believes that while history narrates what has happened, poetry inspires what could happen, encouraging readers to aspire towards virtue. This argument reinforces the idea that poetry has a transformative power that can shape human experience and understanding.
• Discuss how Sidney uses examples from classical poets to support his arguments in The Defence of Poesy.
  • Sidney references classical poets such as Homer and Virgil to illustrate the timeless qualities of poetry and its capacity to evoke emotional responses. By analyzing their works, he demonstrates how great poetry serves both an educational purpose and offers profound enjoyment. These examples help reinforce his claim that poetry not only entertains but also cultivates moral values, showcasing its essential role in human culture.
• Evaluate the long-term impact of The Defence of Poesy on literary criticism and the perception of poetry in later periods.
  • The Defence of Poesy significantly impacted literary criticism by establishing foundational ideas about the importance and function of poetry. Sidney’s arguments regarding the moral and educational roles of poetry influenced later literary theorists and critics, leading to a greater appreciation for imaginative literature. His essay also paved the way for discussions around aesthetics, creativity, and the ethical responsibilities of poets, shaping how future generations viewed literature's role in society.

Related terms

Imitation: A key concept in Renaissance literature where art and poetry are seen as reflections of reality, but also as a means to improve upon it through the creative process.

Poetic Function: The aspect of poetry that focuses on the aesthetic experience and emotional response it evokes in the reader, emphasizing beauty and artistic expression.

Didacticism: The instructional aspect of literature that aims to teach moral lessons or ethical principles, often present in Sidney's argument about the purpose of poetry.