Conversion therapy

Definition

Conversion therapy is a set of practices aimed at changing an individual's sexual orientation or gender identity, typically targeting LGBTQ+ individuals. These methods often rely on psychological manipulation and can include a range of techniques, such as talk therapy, aversive conditioning, and even physical punishment. The concept is rooted in the belief that being LGBTQ+ is a mental disorder that can be 'cured,' which is widely discredited by major medical organizations.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Conversion therapy has been widely discredited and condemned by numerous health organizations, including the American Psychological Association and the World Health Organization.
2. Many countries and regions have enacted laws to ban conversion therapy practices, recognizing the harm it causes to individuals subjected to such treatments.
3. The practices associated with conversion therapy can lead to significant psychological distress, including anxiety, depression, and suicidal thoughts among those who undergo it.
4. Conversion therapy often relies on outdated psychological theories that pathologize LGBTQ+ identities, failing to acknowledge their validity as normal variations of human diversity.
5. Support for conversion therapy has diminished over the years, largely due to increased awareness about LGBTQ+ rights and mental health issues.

Review Questions

• What are the main reasons why conversion therapy is considered harmful to LGBTQ+ individuals?
  • Conversion therapy is considered harmful primarily because it is based on the false premise that LGBTQ+ identities are disorders needing treatment. This approach can inflict emotional pain and psychological distress, leading to issues such as anxiety, depression, and increased suicide risk. Furthermore, many methods used in conversion therapy are unethical and can include coercive tactics that violate an individual's rights and dignity.
• How have medical organizations responded to the practice of conversion therapy in recent years?
  • In recent years, major medical organizations like the American Psychological Association and the World Health Organization have publicly denounced conversion therapy, labeling it as ineffective and harmful. They have issued guidelines advising against its use and have called for mental health professionals to support LGBTQ+ individuals rather than attempt to change their identities. This response reflects a growing understanding of LGBTQ+ mental health and a commitment to promoting affirming practices.
• Evaluate the cultural implications of conversion therapy laws being enacted in various regions around the world.
  • The enactment of laws banning conversion therapy in various regions has significant cultural implications, reflecting a shift towards greater acceptance and rights for LGBTQ+ individuals. These laws signify a rejection of discriminatory practices that have historically marginalized LGBTQ+ communities. They also promote a broader understanding of mental health that respects individual identity rather than attempting to alter it. Additionally, these changes in legislation can influence societal attitudes towards LGBTQ+ individuals, fostering an environment of support and acceptance.

Related terms

LGBTQ+: An acronym that stands for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer/Questioning, and others, representing a diverse spectrum of sexual orientations and gender identities.

Aversive Conditioning: A behavioral technique that seeks to change undesirable behaviors by associating them with negative stimuli or consequences.

Mental Health Advocacy: Efforts to promote awareness and support for mental health issues, including opposing harmful practices like conversion therapy.