Rosalind Franklin

Definition

Rosalind Franklin was a pioneering British scientist whose work in X-ray crystallography played a critical role in the discovery of the DNA double helix structure. Her meticulous research provided essential data that contributed to our understanding of molecular biology, and she is often celebrated as a key figure in the history of women in science and technology.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Rosalind Franklin's famous Photo 51 was critical in revealing the helical structure of DNA, yet she did not receive full recognition for her work during her lifetime.
2. Franklin earned her Ph.D. from Cambridge University, where she specialized in physical chemistry and became an expert in X-ray diffraction techniques.
3. She also conducted significant research on the structure of viruses and coal, showing her versatility and contributions beyond DNA.
4. Franklin faced significant gender discrimination in her field, which affected her opportunities and recognition compared to her male counterparts.
5. Her legacy has been increasingly acknowledged in recent years, with many calling for greater recognition of women's contributions to science.

Review Questions

• How did Rosalind Franklin's work contribute to the discovery of the DNA double helix structure?
  • Rosalind Franklin's work with X-ray crystallography provided vital insights into the physical structure of DNA. Her famous Photo 51 revealed the helical shape of the DNA molecule, which was crucial for James Watson and Francis Crick as they constructed their model of DNA. Although her contributions were not fully recognized during her lifetime, her research laid the foundation for understanding genetic material.
• Discuss the challenges Rosalind Franklin faced as a woman in science during her career and how these impacted her recognition.
  • As a woman in a male-dominated field, Rosalind Franklin encountered significant barriers such as gender discrimination, lack of access to resources, and limited recognition for her achievements. These challenges often overshadowed her contributions, leading to others receiving credit for work she had done. Her experiences highlight the broader issues women have faced in STEM fields and emphasize the need for greater acknowledgment of their contributions.
• Evaluate how Rosalind Franklin's legacy has evolved over time and its significance for future generations of women in STEM.
  • Rosalind Franklin's legacy has transformed from being overlooked to being celebrated as an essential figure in scientific history. The growing acknowledgment of her work has sparked discussions about women's roles in science and has inspired new generations of female scientists. As more attention is given to equity in STEM fields, Franklin's story serves as a powerful reminder of both the challenges faced by women and their significant contributions to advancements in science.

Related terms

DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid, the molecule that carries genetic information in living organisms.

X-ray Crystallography: A technique used to determine the atomic and molecular structure of a crystal by diffracting X-rays through the crystal lattice.

James Watson and Francis Crick: Two scientists who are credited with the discovery of the DNA double helix structure, often mentioned alongside Rosalind Franklin due to her crucial contributions.