Flying buttresses

Definition

Flying buttresses are architectural structures that support the walls of a building by transferring the weight of the roof and upper walls away from the main structure. This innovation allows for taller buildings with thinner walls and larger windows, making it a defining feature of Gothic architecture, which is prominent in medieval art and architecture.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Flying buttresses allowed for the creation of large stained glass windows, which became a hallmark of Gothic cathedrals, filling interiors with light and color.
2. This architectural innovation emerged during the 12th century and played a crucial role in the construction of famous structures such as Notre-Dame de Paris.
3. Flying buttresses not only provided structural support but also added to the aesthetic appeal of buildings, contributing to their verticality and grace.
4. The design of flying buttresses helped to distribute the weight more evenly, reducing the risk of wall collapse due to heavy vaulted ceilings.
5. While primarily associated with Gothic architecture, the principles behind flying buttresses have influenced modern architectural techniques in building design.

Review Questions

• How did flying buttresses change the design and construction of medieval churches?
  • Flying buttresses revolutionized the construction of medieval churches by allowing builders to create taller structures with thinner walls. This architectural innovation enabled the inclusion of large stained glass windows, which were not possible with traditional support systems. As a result, churches could achieve greater heights and more intricate designs, characteristic of Gothic architecture.
• Discuss the role of flying buttresses in the aesthetic development of Gothic cathedrals.
  • Flying buttresses played a significant role in enhancing the aesthetics of Gothic cathedrals. By allowing for higher ceilings and lighter walls, these structures contributed to a sense of verticality and elegance that defines Gothic architecture. The external appearance was also enhanced as flying buttresses became visible features on cathedral exteriors, adding complexity and beauty to the overall design.
• Evaluate the impact of flying buttresses on both structural integrity and artistic expression in medieval architecture.
  • Flying buttresses had a profound impact on medieval architecture by balancing structural integrity with artistic expression. They provided essential support for massive vaulted ceilings, preventing wall collapse while allowing for innovative design elements like expansive stained glass windows. This synergy between functionality and beauty exemplifies how Gothic architects were able to elevate both engineering and artistry, leading to some of the most iconic structures of the period.

Related terms

Gothic architecture: A style of architecture that flourished in Europe during the High and Late Middle Ages, characterized by pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and flying buttresses.

Cathedral: A large and important church building, often serving as the seat of a bishop, where flying buttresses are frequently found to support the lofty ceilings.

Ribbed vault: An architectural feature that consists of a framework of ribs or arches supporting a ceiling or roof, commonly used in Gothic structures alongside flying buttresses.