Secondary socialization

Definition

Secondary socialization refers to the process of learning and internalizing the norms, values, and behaviors of a society beyond the family setting, typically occurring in various social institutions. This phase usually happens during childhood and adolescence as individuals encounter different groups like peers, schools, and media, shaping their political beliefs and social identities.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Secondary socialization occurs mainly through institutions like schools, peer groups, mass media, and religious organizations.
2. During secondary socialization, individuals often encounter differing values and beliefs from those they learned in primary socialization, which can lead to conflict or reinforcement of prior beliefs.
3. Peer groups play a significant role in shaping attitudes toward authority and political engagement during secondary socialization.
4. Media exposure during secondary socialization influences public opinion by shaping perceptions of political events and societal norms.
5. Secondary socialization is crucial for developing critical thinking skills and fostering a sense of identity as individuals navigate diverse social environments.

Review Questions

• How does secondary socialization differ from primary socialization in terms of sources and impact on political beliefs?
  • Secondary socialization differs from primary socialization mainly in its sources; while primary socialization occurs within the family unit, secondary socialization involves broader influences such as schools, peers, and media. The impact on political beliefs is significant; secondary socialization exposes individuals to diverse viewpoints and norms that can challenge or reinforce familial teachings. This exposure helps shape more complex political identities as individuals engage with a wider array of perspectives.
• Discuss the role of peer groups in secondary socialization and how they affect individual political attitudes.
  • Peer groups play a crucial role in secondary socialization by providing a platform for individuals to exchange ideas and experiences outside their family influence. Through interactions with peers, individuals often develop a sense of belonging that can shape their views on authority, civic responsibility, and political participation. These influences can lead to shifts in political attitudes as group dynamics foster discussions around current events and societal issues that may differ from earlier teachings at home.
• Evaluate the significance of media in secondary socialization processes and its implications for civic engagement.
  • Media significantly impacts secondary socialization by acting as a key source of information that shapes public perceptions and political knowledge. As individuals consume various forms of media—news outlets, social media platforms, or entertainment—they encounter narratives that inform their understanding of societal issues. This exposure can increase awareness and interest in civic engagement but may also lead to misinformation or polarization if individuals only consume content that aligns with pre-existing beliefs. Ultimately, the media's role is vital in influencing how engaged individuals become in the political landscape.

Related terms

primary socialization:

The initial stage of socialization that occurs within the family, where individuals first learn the fundamental norms and values of their culture.

agents of socialization: The individuals, groups, or institutions that influence personal attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors during the socialization process, including family, schools, peers, and media.

political culture: The set of attitudes, beliefs, and sentiments that shape political behavior and influence how individuals understand their role in politics and society.