Concentric zone model

Definition

The Concentric Zone Model is a theory developed by sociologist Ernest Burgess in 1925, which suggests that urban towns and cities grow in a series of concentric circles, each with distinct functions and characteristics. The model starts from the central business district (CBD) at the center, expanding outwards through zones of transition, working-class homes, residential areas, and commuter zones.

Related terms

Urbanization: The process by which towns and cities are formed and become larger as more people begin living and working in central areas.

Central Business District (CBD): The commercial and often geographic heart of a city, characterized by high density of office buildings, retail shops, and services.

Zone of Transition: An area in urban cities directly surrounding the CBD, often marked by mixed-use but experiencing change or deterioration, where industrial and residential properties intermingle