Projectile motion

Definition

Projectile motion describes the trajectory of an object that is subject only to the acceleration of gravity. It involves both horizontal and vertical components of motion.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The horizontal component of velocity remains constant in the absence of air resistance.
2. The vertical component of velocity changes due to gravitational acceleration, typically $9.8 \text{ m/s}^2$ downward.
3. The path followed by a projectile is a parabola.
4. The time of flight depends only on the vertical component of motion and initial height.
5. Maximum range is achieved at a launch angle of $45\degree$ in ideal conditions without air resistance.

Review Questions

• What factors affect the horizontal and vertical components of projectile motion?
• Why does a projectile follow a parabolic trajectory?
• How does launch angle influence the range and height of a projectile?

Related terms

Trajectory: The path that a moving object follows through space as a function of time.

Initial Velocity: The starting speed and direction with which an object begins its motion.

Range: The horizontal distance traveled by a projectile.