Linear hypothesis

Definition

The linear hypothesis proposes that the biological effects of ionizing radiation are directly proportional to the dose received, without a threshold. It is commonly used to estimate cancer risks from low levels of radiation exposure.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The linear hypothesis assumes a straight-line relationship between radiation dose and biological effect.
2. It is often used in radiological protection to assess the risk of cancer from low-dose radiation.
3. The hypothesis does not posit a safe threshold; even small doses could theoretically increase cancer risk.
4. This model is particularly relevant for evaluating long-term exposure and occupational safety in medical fields.
5. Despite its widespread use, there is ongoing debate about its accuracy, especially at very low doses.

Review Questions

• What does the linear hypothesis assume about the relationship between radiation dose and biological effect?
• Why is the linear hypothesis important for assessing cancer risks in radiology?
• What is one main criticism of the linear hypothesis when it comes to low-dose radiation?

Related terms

Ionizing Radiation:

Radiation with enough energy to remove tightly bound electrons from atoms, creating ions. Examples include X-rays and gamma rays.

Threshold Model:

A model proposing that below a certain level of radiation exposure, there are no significant biological effects.

Radiological Protection: Measures and practices aimed at protecting people from harmful effects of ionizing radiation by limiting their exposure.