Intrinsic magnetic field

Definition

An intrinsic magnetic field is a magnetic field that originates from the atomic or subatomic particles themselves, particularly due to the motion of electrons and their spin. This internal source of magnetism contrasts with externally applied magnetic fields.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Intrinsic magnetic fields are crucial in determining the splitting patterns seen in atomic spectra, known as the Zeeman effect.
2. The electron's intrinsic magnetic moment is primarily due to its spin angular momentum.
3. Intrinsic magnetic fields play a key role in the quantization of energy levels within an atom.
4. The interaction of intrinsic magnetic fields with external fields can lead to fine structure splitting in spectral lines.
5. In quantum mechanics, the intrinsic magnetic field is often represented by the term $\mu_B$, where $\mu_B$ is the Bohr magneton.

Review Questions

• How does an intrinsic magnetic field contribute to the Zeeman effect?
• What is the primary cause of an electron's intrinsic magnetic moment?
• Explain how intrinsic magnetic fields affect the quantization of energy levels in atoms.

Related terms

Zeeman Effect:

The splitting of spectral lines into multiple components when an atom is placed in a strong external magnetic field.

Bohr Magneton ($\mu_B$): $\mu_B$ represents the quantum unit of electron magnetism and is defined as $\mu_B = \frac{e\hbar}{2m_e}$, where $e$ is the elementary charge, $\hbar$ is the reduced Planck constant, and $m_e$ is the electron mass.

Spin Angular Momentum: A fundamental property of particles like electrons that contributes to their overall angular momentum and associated magnetic moment.