Food irradiation

Definition

Food irradiation is a process that uses ionizing radiation to eliminate pathogens and pests, extend shelf life, and reduce spoilage in food products. It involves exposing food to controlled amounts of radiation energy.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Food irradiation uses gamma rays, X-rays, or electron beams as sources of ionizing radiation.
2. The process does not make the food radioactive; it only affects the DNA of microorganisms and pests.
3. Irradiation can effectively control foodborne illnesses by killing bacteria such as Salmonella and E. coli.
4. The FDA, WHO, and USDA endorse food irradiation as a safe method for treating food products.
5. Irradiated foods must be labeled with the international symbol for irradiation (the Radura) along with a statement indicating the treatment.

Review Questions

• What types of ionizing radiation are used in food irradiation?
• How does food irradiation affect the microorganisms present in food?
• Which international organizations approve the safety of food irradiation?

Related terms

Ionizing Radiation: Radiation that carries enough energy to liberate electrons from atoms or molecules, thereby ionizing them.

Gamma Rays: High-energy electromagnetic waves used in various applications including medical treatments and food irradiation.

Electron Beam: A stream of high-energy electrons used for sterilization processes including the irradiation of foods.