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A boson is a particle that follows Bose-Einstein statistics and has an integer spin. These particles are responsible for carrying forces in the quantum field theory.
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Fermion: A particle that follows Fermi-Dirac statistics and has half-integer spin. Fermions make up matter.
Photon: A type of boson that acts as the quantum of electromagnetic radiation and is responsible for mediating electromagnetic force.
Higgs Boson: A fundamental particle associated with the Higgs field, responsible for giving mass to other particles through the Higgs mechanism.