Plasma

Definition

Plasma is one of the four fundamental states of matter, consisting of ionized gas with free electrons and ions. It has unique properties distinct from solids, liquids, and gases.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Plasma can be created by heating a gas or subjecting it to a strong electromagnetic field to ionize its atoms.
2. It is often referred to as the fourth state of matter, alongside solid, liquid, and gas.
3. Plasmas are found naturally in stars, including the sun, where the high temperatures cause ionization.
4. Unlike gases, plasmas conduct electricity and are affected by magnetic fields due to their charged particles.
5. In laboratory settings and industrial applications, plasmas are used in processes such as plasma cutting, semiconductor manufacturing, and fluorescent lighting.

Review Questions

• What process is required to transform a gas into plasma?
• How does plasma differ from other states of matter in terms of electrical conductivity?
• Where can plasmas be commonly found in nature?

Related terms

Ionization: The process through which an atom or molecule gains or loses electrons to form ions.

Electromagnetic Field: A physical field produced by electrically charged objects that affect the behavior of charged particles in the vicinity.

Semiconductor Manufacturing: An industrial process that utilizes materials with conductive properties between those of conductors and insulators; often involves plasma for etching or deposition.