A manometer is an instrument used to measure the pressure of gases. It typically consists of a U-shaped tube filled with a liquid, such as mercury or water, where the difference in liquid levels indicates the pressure.
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Manometers measure gas pressure relative to atmospheric pressure or another reference point.
The basic principle involves balancing the gas pressure against a column of liquid within the U-tube.
A common type is the U-tube manometer, which can be open or closed at one end.
Differential manometers are used to measure the difference between two pressures.
Mercury is often preferred over water in manometers due to its higher density, which allows for more precise measurements.
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Related terms
Barometer: An instrument that measures atmospheric pressure, usually using mercury or aneroid cells.