Heterogeneous catalyst

Definition

A heterogeneous catalyst is a catalyst that exists in a different phase (solid, liquid, or gas) than the reactants. Typically, the catalyst is a solid and the reactants are in liquid or gas phases.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Heterogeneous catalysts work by providing a surface for the reaction to take place, which lowers the activation energy.
2. The efficiency of a heterogeneous catalyst depends on its surface area; larger surface areas generally increase catalytic activity.
3. These catalysts can be easily separated from the reaction mixture, making them reusable and cost-effective.
4. Common examples include metals like platinum and palladium used in catalytic converters.
5. Heterogeneous catalysis often involves adsorption of reactants onto the catalyst's surface, where the reaction occurs.

Review Questions

• What is a key difference between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts?
• How does increasing the surface area of a heterogeneous catalyst affect its activity?
• Why are heterogeneous catalysts considered more convenient for industrial processes?

Related terms

Homogeneous Catalyst:

A catalyst that exists in the same phase as the reactants, typically both being liquid or gas.

Activation Energy:

$$E_a$$; The minimum amount of energy required for a chemical reaction to occur.

Adsorption:

The process by which atoms, ions, or molecules adhere to a solid surface.