Esters are organic compounds derived from carboxylic acids in which the hydroxyl group ($-OH$) is replaced by an alkoxy group ($-OR$). They are commonly found in fats, oils, and many fragrances.
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Esters are formed through a reaction known as esterification, where a carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol.
The general formula for esters is $RCOOR'$, where $R$ and $R'$ can be either alkyl or aryl groups.
Esters typically have pleasant fruity odors and are used in flavorings and perfumes.
Hydrolysis of esters results in the formation of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol.
Esters can undergo transesterification, where one ester is transformed into another by exchanging the alkoxy group.