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Double bond

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Intro to Chemistry

Definition

A double bond is a type of covalent bond in which two pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms. Double bonds are commonly found in organic molecules and influence molecular geometry and reactivity.

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5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. Double bonds consist of one sigma ($\sigma$) bond and one pi ($\pi$) bond.
  2. They result in sp2 hybridization in the bonded atoms, leading to a planar structure with 120-degree bond angles.
  3. Double bonds restrict the rotation around the bonded atoms, creating rigidity in the molecule.
  4. The presence of a double bond typically shortens the bond length compared to a single bond but makes it stronger.
  5. Compounds with double bonds often participate in characteristic reactions such as addition reactions.

Review Questions

  • What types of bonds make up a double bond?
  • How does the presence of a double bond affect the geometry of a molecule?
  • Why do double bonds restrict rotation around the bonded atoms?

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