Born-Haber cycle

Definition

The Born-Haber cycle is a thermochemical cycle used to analyze the steps in the formation of an ionic compound from its elements. It helps determine lattice energy by considering enthalpy changes during various stages.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Born-Haber cycle involves several steps: sublimation, ionization, bond dissociation, electron affinity, and lattice energy.
2. It is based on Hess's Law which states that the total enthalpy change in a reaction is the same regardless of the number of steps.
3. Lattice energy can be calculated indirectly using the Born-Haber cycle.
4. Each step in the Born-Haber cycle corresponds to a specific enthalpy change such as ionization energy or electron affinity.
5. The cycle provides insight into the stability and strength of ionic bonds.

Review Questions

• What are the main steps involved in the Born-Haber cycle?
• How does Hess's Law relate to the Born-Haber cycle?
• Why is lattice energy important in understanding ionic compounds?

Related terms

Lattice Energy: The amount of energy released when one mole of an ionic crystalline compound is formed from its gaseous ions.

Ionization Energy: The amount of energy required to remove an electron from an isolated atom or molecule.

Electron Affinity: The amount of energy released when an electron is added to a neutral atom to form a negative ion.