Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9

Definition

Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9 was a comet that broke apart and collided with Jupiter in July 1994. It provided the first direct observation of an extraterrestrial collision of Solar System objects.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Discovered by astronomers Carolyn and Eugene Shoemaker and David Levy in March 1993.
2. The comet broke into 21 fragments due to Jupiter's strong tidal forces during a close approach in July 1992.
3. The impact on Jupiter occurred between July 16 and July 22, 1994, with each fragment creating large dark spots in the planet's atmosphere.
4. The largest fragment created a plume over 3,000 kilometers high and left a scar larger than Earth.
5. The event provided valuable insights into the composition of Jupiter's atmosphere and the potential hazards posed by comet impacts.

Review Questions

• What year did Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9 collide with Jupiter?
• Who were the discoverers of Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9?
• What significant scientific information was gained from observing the impact of Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9 on Jupiter?

Related terms

Jupiter:

The largest planet in our solar system, known for its Great Red Spot and numerous moons.

Tidal Forces:

Gravitational forces that distort an object due to varying strength across its diameter, often leading to fragmentation.

Extraterrestrial Collision: An impact event involving two celestial bodies outside Earth, such as comets or asteroids.