Angra mainyu

Definition

Angra Mainyu, also known as Ahriman, is the destructive spirit in Zoroastrianism who embodies chaos, evil, and darkness. He is the adversary of Ahura Mazda, the supreme god representing truth and order, and plays a critical role in the dualistic nature of Zoroastrian belief, where good and evil are in constant conflict. This concept emphasizes the moral choices humans must make and the cosmic struggle between these opposing forces.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Angra Mainyu is considered the creator of all that is evil, including lies, deception, and destruction, acting as a force against the good creations of Ahura Mazda.
2. In Zoroastrian eschatology, Angra Mainyu will ultimately be defeated at the end of time during the final judgment known as Frashokereti, when good will triumph over evil.
3. The struggle between Angra Mainyu and Ahura Mazda reflects the moral choices individuals face in their daily lives, encouraging followers to choose righteousness.
4. Angra Mainyu's influence can be seen in various aspects of life and nature, leading to illness, hardship, and conflict in the world.
5. Rituals and prayers in Zoroastrianism often seek protection from Angra Mainyu's negative influences and emphasize alignment with the divine order established by Ahura Mazda.

Review Questions

• How does Angra Mainyu function within the dualistic framework of Zoroastrianism?
  • Angra Mainyu embodies chaos and evil, acting as the adversary to Ahura Mazda, who represents truth and goodness. This duality highlights the constant struggle between good and evil within Zoroastrian belief. Followers are encouraged to recognize this conflict in their own lives and make conscious choices that align with the principles of righteousness promoted by Ahura Mazda.
• Discuss the role of Angra Mainyu in Zoroastrian eschatology and what it signifies for believers.
  • In Zoroastrian eschatology, Angra Mainyu is destined to be defeated during Frashokereti, the final judgment where good ultimately prevails. This belief provides hope for followers that despite current struggles with evil influences, a time will come when righteousness is fully restored. The defeat of Angra Mainyu signifies not only cosmic balance but also reinforces the importance of individual moral choices throughout one's life.
• Evaluate how the concept of Angra Mainyu influences ethical decision-making among Zoroastrians.
  • The presence of Angra Mainyu serves as a constant reminder for Zoroastrians to be aware of the forces of chaos and deception in their lives. This awareness encourages individuals to actively choose goodness over evil in their daily actions. By understanding that they are part of an ongoing cosmic struggle against Angra Mainyu's influences, Zoroastrians are motivated to cultivate virtues such as honesty and compassion while resisting temptations that lead to destruction or harm.

Related terms

Ahura Mazda: The supreme god in Zoroastrianism who represents truth, light, and goodness, and is in opposition to Angra Mainyu.

Dualism: A central aspect of Zoroastrian theology that emphasizes the coexistence of opposing forces, such as good and evil, light and darkness.

Zoroaster: The founder of Zoroastrianism who taught about the importance of choosing good over evil and the significance of individual moral responsibility.