Anglo-Saxonism

Definition

Anglo-Saxonism is a cultural and political ideology that promotes the belief in the superiority of Anglo-Saxon culture and peoples, often linked to ideas of racial superiority and manifest destiny. This concept played a crucial role in shaping British imperial attitudes, reinforcing the idea that Anglo-Saxon nations were destined to rule over 'lesser' cultures across the globe.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Anglo-Saxonism emerged in the 19th century, coinciding with the expansion of the British Empire and the belief in racial hierarchies.
2. The ideology was often used to justify colonization efforts, as proponents argued that spreading Anglo-Saxon culture would 'civilize' other societies.
3. It contributed to a sense of national pride among British citizens, who viewed themselves as bearers of progress and civilization.
4. Anglo-Saxonism influenced policies related to immigration and racial purity, impacting societal views on non-Anglo populations.
5. This ideology faced criticism in the 20th century as ideas about race and culture evolved, leading to a reevaluation of imperialistic attitudes.

Review Questions

• How did Anglo-Saxonism shape British attitudes towards imperialism during the expansion of the British Empire?
  • Anglo-Saxonism greatly influenced British attitudes by instilling a belief in their cultural superiority, which justified their imperial pursuits. The ideology led many to view colonization as a moral obligation to spread what they considered advanced civilization and governance. This mindset not only rationalized territorial conquests but also framed the domination over other cultures as a benevolent act meant to uplift and civilize.
• Evaluate the impact of Anglo-Saxonism on colonial policies and practices within the British Empire.
  • Anglo-Saxonism had a profound impact on colonial policies, reinforcing discriminatory practices that favored Anglo-Saxon settlers while marginalizing indigenous populations. Policies often reflected a belief in racial superiority, leading to systematic oppression and exploitation of colonized peoples. This ideological framework justified land seizures, resource extraction, and cultural assimilation efforts, contributing to long-lasting social and economic disparities in colonized regions.
• Critically analyze how Anglo-Saxonism has been reevaluated in modern contexts and its legacy on contemporary discussions about race and culture.
  • In modern contexts, Anglo-Saxonism has been critically reevaluated as societies grapple with its historical implications on race relations and cultural identity. The legacy of this ideology is evident in contemporary discussions about nationalism, immigration, and multiculturalism. Scholars argue that understanding Anglo-Saxonism helps unpack ongoing issues related to systemic racism and cultural hegemony, prompting calls for inclusivity and a reexamination of narratives surrounding national identity.

Related terms

Manifest Destiny: A 19th-century doctrine that justified American expansion across North America, based on the belief that it was the nation's divine right and duty to spread its values.

Social Darwinism: A theory that applied Darwin's ideas of natural selection to human societies, suggesting that certain races or cultures were superior and thus destined to dominate others.

Colonialism: The practice of acquiring control over another country or territory, often through settlement and exploitation of resources, justified by ideologies like Anglo-Saxonism.