The Bank War refers to the political struggle between President Andrew Jackson and his opponents over the future of the Second Bank of the United States during the 1830s. This conflict highlighted broader themes of democracy and populism, as Jackson sought to dismantle what he viewed as a corrupt institution that favored the wealthy elite at the expense of ordinary citizens. The Bank War played a crucial role in shaping American political discourse and established a precedent for future battles over the role of banks in the economy.