Johnson Wax Headquarters

Definition

The Johnson Wax Headquarters is a corporate building designed by Frank Lloyd Wright, located in Racine, Wisconsin, and completed in 1939. This iconic structure is known for its innovative design, which includes a unique use of materials, organic forms, and open spaces that reflect Wright's philosophy of harmonizing architecture with nature. The building serves as a significant example of Wright's work during the early 20th century and embodies his principles of modernism and functionalism.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Johnson Wax Headquarters features a distinctive Great Workroom, which has an expansive open space supported by thin columns, giving it a sense of lightness and openness.
2. Wright used a combination of brick and glass for the exterior, creating a striking contrast and allowing for ample natural light to penetrate the interior spaces.
3. The building's design includes numerous custom-made furniture pieces, showcasing Wright's belief that architecture should extend to all aspects of the built environment.
4. The Johnson Wax Headquarters is recognized as a National Historic Landmark due to its architectural significance and influence on modern design.
5. Wright's incorporation of natural light through skylights and large windows reflects his commitment to creating environments that enhance the well-being of occupants.

Review Questions

• How does the design of the Johnson Wax Headquarters reflect Frank Lloyd Wright's principles of organic architecture?
  • The Johnson Wax Headquarters embodies Frank Lloyd Wright's principles of organic architecture through its integration with the surrounding landscape and its innovative use of materials. The building features large windows that allow natural light to flood the interiors, fostering a connection between indoor spaces and nature outside. Additionally, its flowing forms and open floor plan create a harmonious environment that prioritizes both functionality and aesthetic appeal, demonstrating how architecture can enhance the quality of life for its occupants.
• Discuss the significance of the Great Workroom in the Johnson Wax Headquarters in relation to Wright's architectural philosophy.
  • The Great Workroom is significant in the Johnson Wax Headquarters as it exemplifies Wright's architectural philosophy of openness and collaboration. By creating a vast, uninterrupted space supported by slender columns, Wright not only maximized natural light but also promoted a sense of community among employees. This design choice aligns with his belief that work environments should encourage interaction and creativity, thereby enhancing productivity and employee satisfaction.
• Evaluate how the innovative materials used in the Johnson Wax Headquarters influenced subsequent architectural practices and styles.
  • The innovative materials used in the Johnson Wax Headquarters, such as reinforced concrete for the structure and glass for expansive windows, significantly influenced subsequent architectural practices by demonstrating how modern materials could be utilized to create both functional and aesthetic structures. Wright's use of these materials not only challenged traditional building methods but also inspired future architects to explore new possibilities in design. His approach encouraged a shift towards integrating natural light and open spaces into buildings, paving the way for the development of modernist architecture that prioritizes transparency, fluidity, and connection to nature.

Related terms

Prairie School: An architectural style associated with Frank Lloyd Wright, characterized by horizontal lines, flat or hipped roofs with broad overhanging eaves, and integration with the landscape.

Organic Architecture: A design philosophy that promotes harmony between human habitation and the natural world, emphasizing the use of natural materials and forms.

Scully Building: The Scully Building is part of the Johnson Wax Headquarters complex and showcases Wright's innovative design, featuring a unique, free-flowing interior layout.