Vox organalis

Definition

Vox organalis refers to the added melodic line in organum that harmonizes with the original chant melody, known as the vox principalis. This concept is fundamental in understanding the origins and development of organum, as it showcases how early composers began to embellish plainchant. The vox organalis can take various forms, which leads to different styles of organum, illustrating the evolution of polyphonic music during the medieval period.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The term 'vox organalis' is crucial for understanding how polyphony emerged from monophonic plainchant traditions in medieval music.
2. Vox organalis typically moves in parallel motion with the vox principalis, though variations in movement can occur depending on the style of organum.
3. As the tradition of organum developed, composers began to explore more complex relationships between the vox principalis and vox organalis, leading to free and melismatic styles.
4. The introduction of the vox organalis marked a significant shift in musical texture, allowing for richer harmonic possibilities within sacred music.
5. In melismatic organum, the vox organalis often features elaborate embellishments that contrast with the simpler, more sustained notes of the vox principalis.

Review Questions

• How does the concept of vox organalis illustrate the transition from monophonic to polyphonic music in medieval traditions?
  • The concept of vox organalis highlights a significant transition from monophonic plainchant to polyphonic music by introducing an additional melodic line that harmonizes with the original chant. This addition not only enriches the texture of the music but also reflects a growing interest in harmony and complexity during the medieval period. As composers began to experiment with different ways to combine these voices, they laid the groundwork for further developments in Western music.
• Compare and contrast the characteristics of parallel, free, and melismatic organum with respect to their use of vox organalis.
  • In parallel organum, the vox organalis typically moves in strict parallel motion with the vox principalis at a constant interval, creating a unified sound. Free organum allows for more independence between the two voices, enabling greater flexibility and variation in melodic movement. Melismatic organum takes this a step further by incorporating elaborate embellishments in the vox organalis, resulting in intricate textures that showcase individual melodic creativity while still maintaining a relationship to the original chant.
• Evaluate the significance of vox organalis in shaping the future of Western music after its emergence during the medieval period.
  • The emergence of vox organalis was pivotal in shaping Western music as it marked a foundational step towards polyphony and complex musical structures. This new layer allowed composers to explore richer harmonic relationships and eventually led to developments such as motets and later forms of choral music. The techniques established through understanding and employing vox organalis set important precedents for counterpoint and harmony that would influence countless composers throughout history, ultimately transforming musical composition and practice.

Related terms

Organum: A form of early polyphony that involves adding one or more voices to a plainchant melody.

Plainchant: A single melodic line that is unaccompanied and sung in free rhythm, often used as the basis for organum.

Polyphony:

The simultaneous combination of two or more independent melodies, a key characteristic of medieval music.