Stratification

Definition

Stratification refers to the layering of archaeological deposits and artifacts within a site, which reflects the chronological sequence of human activity over time. This concept is crucial in understanding how different cultures and societies evolve, as it helps establish a timeline for various periods, including the Mycenaean civilization. Through stratification, archaeologists can decipher the context of finds and how they relate to different phases of occupation or use within a settlement.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Stratification allows archaeologists to interpret the sequence of human activities at a site by analyzing the different layers of soil and artifacts.
2. In Mycenaean archaeology, stratified layers often reveal distinct cultural phases, showing how the civilization changed over time.
3. Artifacts found in higher layers are typically more recent than those found deeper down, which helps in understanding the development of the society.
4. Stratigraphic analysis plays a key role in establishing a relative chronology, particularly for sites with complex histories like those from the Mycenaean period.
5. Misunderstanding stratification can lead to incorrect conclusions about the timeline of human activity and cultural developments at archaeological sites.

Review Questions

• How does stratification assist in understanding the chronological sequence of human activity at Mycenaean sites?
  • Stratification helps archaeologists identify and analyze different layers of soil at Mycenaean sites, each representing specific periods of human occupation. By examining these layers, researchers can reconstruct a timeline of events and activities that occurred at the site, including changes in building styles, tool use, and trade practices. This method allows for a clearer understanding of how Mycenaean civilization developed and adapted over time.
• Discuss the importance of stratigraphy in the excavation process when studying Mycenaean civilization.
  • Stratigraphy is critical during excavation as it guides archaeologists in systematically uncovering layers without disturbing their context. Understanding the order and composition of these layers ensures that artifacts are recorded accurately according to their chronological placement. This meticulous approach is essential for interpreting the culture's evolution, trade networks, and interactions with neighboring societies, leading to a more comprehensive picture of Mycenaean civilization.
• Evaluate how misinterpretations of stratification could impact our understanding of Mycenaean society and its historical narrative.
  • Misinterpretations of stratification can lead to significant errors in reconstructing the historical narrative of Mycenaean society. If layers are incorrectly dated or understood, it could distort our perception of cultural advancements or interactions with other civilizations. For example, confusing artifacts from different strata may lead to false conclusions about technological development or trade relationships. Thus, accurate stratigraphic analysis is crucial for building a reliable history of Mycenaean civilization.

Related terms

Context: The relationship between artifacts, features, and ecofacts found in a specific location, providing insight into their significance and use.

Excavation:

The process of systematically uncovering archaeological sites by removing layers of soil to reveal artifacts and features.

Relative Dating:

A technique used to determine the age of artifacts and features in relation to one another, helping to establish a chronological framework.