Chart of accounts

Definition

A chart of accounts is an organized list of all the financial accounts in a company's general ledger. It helps in categorizing all transactions and forms the backbone of a company’s accounting system.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The chart of accounts typically includes balance sheet accounts such as assets, liabilities, and equity, as well as income statement accounts like revenues and expenses.
2. Each account in the chart of accounts is assigned a unique number to facilitate its identification and organization.
3. The structure of a chart of accounts can vary depending on the size and nature of the business.
4. It's crucial for analyzing transactions because it provides the framework for recording all financial activities within the expanded accounting equation.
5. A well-organized chart of accounts ensures accurate financial reporting and efficient transaction tracking.

Review Questions

• What are the main categories included in a typical chart of accounts?
• Why is each account in a chart of accounts assigned a unique number?
• How does the chart of accounts facilitate analyzing and recording transactions?

Related terms

General Ledger:

The master set of accounts that summarizes all transactions occurring within an entity.

Double-Entry Accounting:

An accounting method where each transaction affects at least two accounts, ensuring the accounting equation remains balanced.

Expanded Accounting Equation:

An extended form of the basic accounting equation that includes revenues, expenses, dividends, and withdrawals.