Rape of the lock

Definition

The 'rape of the lock' refers to a satirical poem by Alexander Pope that critiques the triviality and superficiality of high society in the early 18th century. The poem humorously narrates the events surrounding a petty conflict between two aristocratic families, igniting over the theft of a lock of hair, symbolizing the frivolous nature of social disputes and the obsession with appearances during this period.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The poem was published in 1712 and revised in 1714, becoming one of Pope's most famous works.
2. In 'rape of the lock', the act of cutting the lock is portrayed as an epic battle, complete with supernatural elements like sylphs that protect the hair.
3. Pope uses irony to highlight the absurdity of noble values and social norms, turning a trivial event into a grand narrative.
4. The work reflects neoclassical ideals by adhering to strict poetic forms while also offering a critique of contemporary society.
5. The conflict between the families, stemming from a seemingly minor incident, illustrates the often ridiculous nature of social rivalry during the Renaissance and Enlightenment periods.

Review Questions

• How does Alexander Pope use satire in 'rape of the lock' to comment on high society?
  • Pope employs satire in 'rape of the lock' by exaggerating the significance of a petty dispute over a stolen lock of hair. He contrasts the triviality of this conflict with the grand style typically reserved for epic poetry, revealing how superficial concerns dominate high society. Through humorous imagery and ironic tone, Pope critiques societal values that prioritize appearances and reputation over substance.
• Discuss the role of supernatural elements in 'rape of the lock' and their significance in relation to neoclassical themes.
  • Supernatural elements, such as sylphs that serve as guardians of the protagonist's beauty, play a crucial role in 'rape of the lock.' These beings not only enhance the poem's whimsical tone but also symbolize the fragility of social status and reputation. Their presence underscores neoclassical themes by reflecting how societal values can be both elevated and trivialized through irony, showcasing Pope's critique of an era obsessed with outward appearances.
• Evaluate how 'rape of the lock' reflects broader cultural attitudes during the Renaissance and Enlightenment periods regarding social status and personal identity.
  • In 'rape of the lock', Pope evaluates cultural attitudes by illustrating how social status is often tied to trivial matters. The poem reveals a society where personal identity is constructed through appearance rather than character or achievement. This preoccupation with image reflects broader Enlightenment ideals that question traditional authority while also highlighting the absurdity inherent in valuing superficiality over genuine virtue, making it a poignant commentary on its time.

Related terms

satire:

A genre of literature that uses humor, irony, and exaggeration to criticize or mock individuals, societal norms, or institutions.

heroic couplet: A pair of rhymed lines in iambic pentameter, often used in English poetry, especially prominent in works by Pope.

neoclassicism: An artistic and literary movement inspired by the classical art and culture of ancient Greece and Rome, emphasizing reason, order, and restraint.