The given-new principle is a communication strategy that focuses on how information is presented in discourse. It suggests that effective communication involves linking new information to what the audience already knows, establishing coherence and making it easier for readers or listeners to understand the message. This principle plays a crucial role in achieving clarity and coherence in writing, as it ensures that the flow of information is logical and engaging.
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The given-new principle helps readers make connections by presenting familiar information (given) before introducing new concepts (new).
Using this principle can enhance clarity by ensuring that new ideas build on existing knowledge, making texts more accessible.
This principle is not just applicable in writing; it can also be seen in spoken communication, where speakers reference common ground before presenting novel ideas.
When writers follow the given-new principle, they create smoother transitions between ideas, which aids in overall comprehension.
Understanding the given-new principle can significantly improve a writer's ability to structure arguments and narratives effectively.
Review Questions
How does the given-new principle contribute to the coherence of a written piece?
The given-new principle enhances coherence by ensuring that writers present information in a logical sequence. By starting with what the audience already knows (the given) and gradually introducing new information (the new), writers help readers easily follow the progression of ideas. This approach prevents confusion and fosters a clearer understanding of the message, making the overall text more cohesive.
In what ways does cohesion relate to the application of the given-new principle in effective writing?
Cohesion complements the given-new principle by using specific linguistic devices that connect sentences and paragraphs. For instance, reference words or conjunctions can link given information to new concepts, creating seamless transitions within the text. By applying both coherence through logical progression and cohesion through linguistic connections, writers can produce clear and engaging narratives that guide readers smoothly through their ideas.
Evaluate how understanding the given-new principle can impact a writer's approach to structuring complex arguments.
Understanding the given-new principle allows writers to structure complex arguments more effectively by ensuring that each point builds on previously established knowledge. When writers clearly delineate given information from new insights, they enhance reader comprehension and retention. This strategic organization helps readers navigate intricate ideas without feeling overwhelmed, ultimately leading to more persuasive and impactful writing.
Cohesion involves the use of linguistic devices, such as conjunctions and reference words, that connect sentences and paragraphs to create a unified text.
Discourse Markers: Discourse markers are words or phrases used to guide the flow of conversation or text, signaling shifts in ideas or organizing information.