key term - Infinitive clauses

Definition

Infinitive clauses are verb phrases that begin with an infinitive, which is the base form of a verb preceded by 'to.' These clauses can function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs in a sentence, often expanding or reducing information about actions or states. Infinitive clauses can add depth and detail to sentences, making them versatile components in both spoken and written language.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Infinitive clauses can be used to express purpose, such as 'I went to the store to buy milk.'
2. They can also function as subjects, like in 'To read every day is important.'
3. Infinitive clauses can often replace other forms of clauses for conciseness, simplifying complex sentences.
4. When reduced, infinitive clauses can omit the 'to' for a more casual tone, such as 'He made her cry' instead of 'He made her to cry.'
5. They may also include objects and modifiers, creating more complex structures like 'To quickly finish his homework before dinner was his goal.'

Review Questions

• How do infinitive clauses function within sentences to enhance meaning?
  • Infinitive clauses serve multiple functions in sentences, often acting as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs. For example, they can explain why an action is taken or provide additional details about a subject. By using infinitive clauses, writers can create more complex and informative sentences that convey purpose or intention clearly.
• Compare and contrast infinitive clauses with gerund phrases regarding their grammatical roles.
  • Infinitive clauses and gerund phrases both function as nouns but differ in their forms and usages. Infinitive clauses begin with 'to' followed by the base verb, like 'to swim,' while gerund phrases use the -ing form of the verb, such as 'swimming.' This difference affects how they integrate into sentences; for instance, infinitives often express purpose, whereas gerunds typically refer to activities or processes.
• Evaluate how reducing an infinitive clause changes the complexity and tone of a sentence.
  • Reducing an infinitive clause can significantly simplify a sentence while maintaining its core meaning. For instance, changing 'He wanted to finish his project' to 'He wanted finishing his project' not only shortens the structure but may also lend a more informal tone. This reduction impacts how readers perceive the urgency or importance of the action and allows for smoother flow in conversation or writing.

Related terms

infinitive phrase: A group of words that includes an infinitive and any modifiers or complements, functioning together as a single unit.

dependent clause:

A clause that cannot stand alone as a complete sentence and typically begins with a subordinating conjunction, providing additional information.

gerund phrase:

A phrase that includes a gerund (the -ing form of a verb used as a noun) and any modifiers or complements, functioning as a noun in a sentence.