Earth Systems Science
El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a climate pattern that describes the variations in ocean temperatures and atmospheric conditions in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. This phenomenon has two main phases: El Niño, characterized by warmer ocean temperatures, and La Niña, marked by cooler ocean temperatures. ENSO significantly influences global weather patterns, precipitation, and temperatures, making it a crucial component of complex Earth system interactions.
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