Cloning

Definition

Cloning is the process of creating genetically identical copies of a biological entity. It involves replicating the DNA sequence of an organism to produce a new organism with the same genetic makeup.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. There are three main types of cloning: gene cloning, reproductive cloning, and therapeutic cloning.
2. Reproductive cloning aims to create an entire organism that is genetically identical to the donor, commonly exemplified by Dolly the sheep.
3. Therapeutic cloning is used for medical purposes, such as generating tissues or organs for transplantation.
4. Gene cloning focuses on copying segments of DNA to study specific genes and produce proteins.
5. Ethical considerations and potential risks are significant aspects in discussions about human cloning.

Review Questions

• What are the three main types of cloning and their primary purposes?
• Can you name a famous example of reproductive cloning?
• Why is therapeutic cloning considered important in medicine?

Related terms

Genetic Engineering: The manipulation of an organism's genome using biotechnology.

Stem Cells: Undifferentiated cells capable of giving rise to various cell types and used in therapeutic cloning.

DNA Sequencing: The process of determining the precise order of nucleotides within a DNA molecule.