Bones

Definition

Bones are rigid organs that form part of the endoskeleton of vertebrates. They provide structure, protect organs, anchor muscles, and store calcium.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Bones are composed of a dense matrix made up of collagen fibers and mineral salts.
2. The human skeleton is divided into two parts: the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton.
3. Bone tissue is constantly being remodeled through the processes of resorption and formation by osteoclasts and osteoblasts.
4. Bone marrow found within bones is responsible for producing blood cells (hematopoiesis).
5. Vertebrate bones can be classified based on their shape into long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones.

Review Questions

• What are the primary functions of bones in vertebrates?
• Describe the composition of bone tissue.
• How is bone marrow related to blood cell production?

Related terms

Axial Skeleton:

The part of the skeleton that includes the skull, spine, ribs, and sternum.

Osteoblasts: Cells responsible for bone formation.

Hematopoiesis: The process of forming new blood cells in the bone marrow.