Zoonoses

Definition

Zoonoses are diseases that are transmitted from animals to humans. These infections can be caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites, or fungi.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Zoonotic diseases account for over 60% of emerging infectious diseases worldwide.
2. Common bacterial zoonoses include anthrax, plague, and leptospirosis.
3. Transmission can occur through direct contact, foodborne pathways, or vectors like mosquitoes and ticks.
4. Many zoonotic pathogens reside in animal reservoirs such as rodents, livestock, and birds.
5. Effective control measures include vaccination of animals, proper hygiene practices, and public health surveillance.

Review Questions

• What is a zoonosis and what types of pathogens can cause it?
• Name three common bacterial zoonoses and their primary animal reservoirs.
• How can zoonotic diseases be transmitted to humans?

Related terms

Reservoir Host: An animal species that harbors a pathogen without being adversely affected by it.

Vector: An organism that transmits a pathogen from one host to another.

Anthropozoonosis: A type of zoonosis where the disease is primarily maintained in human populations but can also infect animals.