Root hairs

Definition

Root hairs are tubular extensions of individual epidermal cells in the root. They significantly increase the surface area for water and nutrient absorption from the soil.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Root hairs are found in the region of maturation, just behind the root tip.
2. They are short-lived and constantly replaced as the root grows.
3. Root hairs help anchor the plant more securely into the soil.
4. The primary function of root hairs is to absorb water and minerals from the soil.
5. In conditions of high salinity or drought, root hair development may be adversely affected.

Review Questions

• What is the main function of root hairs?
• Where on a growing root can you find root hairs?
• How do root hairs adapt to different environmental conditions?

Related terms

Epidermis: The outermost layer of cells in roots, stems, and leaves that protects against water loss and infection.

Zone of Maturation: The area of a plant where cells complete their differentiation into various tissues including those forming root hairs.

Mycorrhizae: Symbiotic associations between fungi and plant roots that enhance nutrient absorption, especially phosphorus.