Mycotoxicosis

Definition

Mycotoxicosis is a toxic condition caused by ingestion of mycotoxins produced by fungi. It can affect humans, animals, and crops, leading to various health issues.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by molds such as Aspergillus, Fusarium, and Penicillium.
2. Common mycotoxins causing mycotoxicosis include aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, and trichothecenes.
3. Ingestion of contaminated food or feed is the primary route of exposure to mycotoxins.
4. Mycotoxicosis symptoms can range from acute poisoning to long-term effects like immune deficiency and cancer.
5. Preventive measures include proper storage conditions to prevent mold growth and regular screening of food products.

Review Questions

• What are the main fungi genera responsible for producing mycotoxins?
• How do humans typically get exposed to mycotoxins leading to mycotoxicosis?
• What are some preventive measures to avoid mycotoxicosis?

Related terms

Aflatoxin: A type of mycotoxin produced primarily by Aspergillus species that can contaminate crops like peanuts and maize.

Fusarium:

A genus of fungi known for producing harmful mycotoxins such as fumonisins which can contaminate grains.

Ochratoxin A: A potent mycotoxin produced by several Aspergillus and Penicillium species, commonly found in cereals and coffee beans.