Microglia are specialized glial cells in the central nervous system that act as the primary immune defense. They detect and respond to damage or infection by clearing debris and dead neurons.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
Microglia originate from yolk sac progenitors during early development.
They are highly dynamic, constantly surveying the neural environment for signs of trouble.
Microglia can change their shape and function in response to injury or disease, a process known as activation.
Activated microglia release cytokines and other signaling molecules to modulate inflammation.
Dysregulation of microglial activity is implicated in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.