Gigantism

Definition

Gigantism is a condition characterized by excessive growth and height significantly above average due to overproduction of growth hormone (GH) during childhood. It results from abnormal functioning of the pituitary gland.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Gigantism occurs when there is an excess secretion of growth hormone (GH) before the closure of the epiphyseal growth plates in bones.
2. The main cause of gigantism is usually a benign tumor on the pituitary gland called a pituitary adenoma.
3. Common symptoms include rapid growth, enlarged hands and feet, and facial changes such as protruding jaw and forehead.
4. Diagnosis often involves measuring levels of GH and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in the blood, as well as imaging tests like MRI to detect pituitary tumors.
5. Treatment options may include surgical removal of the tumor, radiation therapy, and medications to reduce GH production or block its effects.

Review Questions

• What is the primary hormone involved in gigantism?
• What are common symptoms associated with gigantism?
• How is gigantism typically diagnosed and treated?

Related terms

Acromegaly: A condition caused by excess GH in adults, leading to enlarged bones in hands, feet, and face.

Pituitary Adenoma: A usually benign tumor on the pituitary gland that can affect hormone production.

Growth Hormone (GH): A peptide hormone that stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and cell regeneration in humans.