Endomycorrhizae

Definition

Endomycorrhizae are a type of mycorrhizal fungi that form symbiotic relationships with the roots of most terrestrial plants. They penetrate the root cells of the host plant, facilitating nutrient exchange.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Endomycorrhizae are also known as arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM).
2. They primarily help in the absorption of phosphorus and other essential nutrients from the soil.
3. The symbiotic relationship benefits both the fungus and the host plant by enhancing nutrient uptake and providing carbohydrates to the fungus.
4. Endomycorrhizal associations are found in approximately 80% of vascular plant families.
5. These fungi produce structures called arbuscules within the root cells, which are sites for nutrient exchange.

Review Questions

• What is another name for endomycorrhizae?
• How do endomycorrhizae benefit their host plants?
• What percentage of vascular plant families have endomycorrhizal associations?

Related terms

Ectomycorrhizae: A type of mycorrhizal fungi that forms a sheath around root cells but does not penetrate them.

Mycelium: The vegetative part of a fungus consisting of a network of fine white filaments (hyphae).

Symbiosis: An interaction between two different organisms living in close physical association, typically to the advantage of both.