Descriptive (or discovery) science

Definition

Descriptive science involves observing, recording, describing, and classifying phenomena. It is foundational to biological research as it provides the necessary data for hypothesis-driven science.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Descriptive science focuses on gathering data and generating knowledge through observation.
2. It often precedes hypothesis-based science by providing a basis of knowledge.
3. Techniques such as field studies, naturalistic observations, and detailed recordings are commonly used.
4. Data collected can include qualitative information like behaviors and characteristics or quantitative data like measurements.
5. Descriptive science is crucial in taxonomy where new species are identified and classified.

Review Questions

• What is the primary goal of descriptive science?
• How does descriptive science differ from hypothesis-driven science?
• Name two techniques commonly used in descriptive science.

Related terms

Taxonomy:

The branch of biology concerned with the classification of organisms.

Qualitative Data: Non-numerical information that describes qualities or characteristics.

Quantitative Data: Numerical information that measures quantities or amounts.