Cycads

Definition

Cycads are ancient seed plants characterized by large, compound leaves and a stout trunk. They belong to the Gymnosperms group and often resemble palms or ferns but are not closely related to them.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Cycads produce seeds on cones rather than flowers, similar to other gymnosperms.
2. They have a slow growth rate and can live for hundreds of years.
3. Cycads have separate male and female plants, with male cones producing pollen and female cones producing seeds.
4. Many cycads utilize specialized root structures called coralloid roots that harbor nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria.
5. Despite their ancient lineage, several cycad species are endangered due to habitat loss and over-collection.

Review Questions

• What type of reproductive structures do cycads use?
• How do cycads contribute to nitrogen fixation in their environment?
• Why are many cycad species considered endangered?

Related terms

Gymnosperms:

Seed-producing plants that include conifers, ginkgos, cycads, and gnetophytes, which do not form flowers or fruits

Conifers:

A division of gymnosperms known for needle-like leaves and cone-bearing reproductive structures

Coralloid Roots: Specialized roots found in cycads that contain symbiotic cyanobacteria capable of nitrogen fixation