Cations

Definition

Cations are positively charged ions formed when an atom loses one or more electrons. They play a crucial role in various biological processes and chemical reactions.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Cations are typically metals from groups 1 and 2 of the periodic table.
2. They are essential for nerve impulse transmission and muscle contraction in living organisms.
3. Cations participate in ionic bonds, forming stable compounds like salts.
4. The most common cations in biological systems include Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+.
5. Cations influence the osmotic balance and pH levels within cells and bodily fluids.

Review Questions

• What process leads to the formation of a cation?
• Name two biological processes that involve cations.
• Which group of elements on the periodic table most frequently forms cations?

Related terms

Anions: Negatively charged ions formed when an atom gains one or more electrons.

Ionic Bond: A type of chemical bond formed between oppositely charged ions.

Electrolyte: Substances that dissociate into ions when dissolved in water, conducting electricity.