Heresy: Heresy refers to beliefs or opinions that go against the official teachings or doctrines of a religion. It is seen as deviating from religious orthodoxy.
Schism: A schism occurs when there is a division or split within a religious group, typically due to disagreements over matters of doctrine or practice.
Dogma: Dogma refers to specific doctrines or tenets that are considered essential and unchangeable within a particular religion. It represents core principles upheld by religious orthodoxy.