Monetary policy: This term refers to actions taken by a central bank or monetary authority to manage interest rates, money supply, and credit conditions in order to achieve economic goals, such as controlling inflation or stimulating economic growth.
Consumer Price Index (CPI): This term represents a measure of average price changes over time for goods and services commonly purchased by households. It is often used as an indicator of inflation.
Deflation: This term refers to a sustained decrease in the general price level within an economy over time. It is the opposite of inflation.